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      流逝的是岁月，不变的是情怀.
        </div> <div class="text">
      坚持学习，是为了成就更好的自己. <br></div> <div>公众号[中关村程序员]</div></div></div> <!----></div> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h2 id="单文件管理-typedef-与-resolver"><a href="#单文件管理-typedef-与-resolver" class="header-anchor">#</a> 单文件管理 <code>typeDef</code> 与 <code>resolver</code></h2> <p>如下，在单文件中定义 <code>ObjectType</code> 与其在 <code>Query</code> 以及 <code>Mutation</code> 中对应的查询。并把 <code>typeDef</code> 与 <code>resolver</code> 集中管理。</p> <div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// src/resolvers/Todo.ts</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> typeDef <span class="token operator">=</span> gql<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">
  type Todo @sql {
    id: ID!
  }

  extend type Query {
    todos: [Todo!]
  }

  extend type Mutation {
    createTodo: TODO!
  }
</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>

<span class="token keyword">const</span> resolver<span class="token operator">:</span> IResolverObject<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token builtin">any</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> AppContext<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  Todo<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">user</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  Query<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">todos</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  Mutation<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">createTodo</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="按需取数据库字段"><a href="#按需取数据库字段" class="header-anchor">#</a> 按需取数据库字段</h2> <p>使用 <code>@findOption</code> 可以按需查询，并注入到 <code>resolver</code> 函数中的 <code>info.attributes</code> 字段</p> <div class="language-gql extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>type Query {
  users: [User!] @findOption
}

query USERS {
  users {
    id
    name
  }
}
</code></pre></div><div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">users</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter"><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> models <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> attributes <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">any</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">return</span> models<span class="token punctuation">.</span>User<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    attributes
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="分页"><a href="#分页" class="header-anchor">#</a> 分页</h2> <p>对列表添加 <code>page</code> 以及 <code>pageSize</code> 参数来进行分页</p> <div class="language-graphql extra-class"><pre class="language-graphql"><code><span class="token keyword">type</span> <span class="token class-name">User</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token attr-name">id</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ID<span class="token operator">!</span>
  <span class="token attr-name">todos</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    <span class="token attr-name">page</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Int <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
    <span class="token attr-name">pageSize</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Int <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>Todo<span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token directive function">@findOption</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">query</span> <span class="token constant">TODOS</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  todos <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token attr-name">page</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token attr-name">pageSize</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    id 
    name
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="数据库层解决-n-1-查询问题"><a href="#数据库层解决-n-1-查询问题" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据库层解决 N+1 查询问题</h2> <p>使用 <a href="https://github.com/mickhansen/dataloader-sequelize" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">dataloader-sequelize<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a> 解决数据库查询的 batch 问题</p> <p>当使用以下查询时，会出现 N+1 查询问题</p> <div class="language-gql extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>{
  users (page: 1, pageSize: 3) {
    id
    todos {
      id 
      name
    } 
  }
}
</code></pre></div><p>如果不做优化，生成的 <code>SQL</code> 如下</p> <div class="language-sql extra-class"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> id <span class="token keyword">from</span> users <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">3</span>

<span class="token keyword">select</span> id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name <span class="token keyword">from</span> todo <span class="token keyword">where</span> user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token keyword">select</span> id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name <span class="token keyword">from</span> todo <span class="token keyword">where</span> user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token keyword">select</span> id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name <span class="token keyword">from</span> todo <span class="token keyword">where</span> user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
</code></pre></div><p>而使用 <code>dataloader</code> 解决 N+1 问题后，会大大减少 <code>SQL</code> 语句的条数，生成的 <code>SQL</code> 如下</p> <div class="language-sql extra-class"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> id <span class="token keyword">from</span> users <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">3</span>

<span class="token keyword">select</span> id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> user_id <span class="token keyword">from</span> todo <span class="token keyword">where</span> user_id <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><blockquote><p>注意 Batch 请求后需要返回 <code>user_id</code> 字段，为了重新分组</p></blockquote> <h2 id="n-1-query-优化后问题"><a href="#n-1-query-优化后问题" class="header-anchor">#</a> N+1 Query 优化后问题</h2> <p>当有如下所示多级分页查询时，N+1 优化失效，所以应避免多级分页操作</p> <blockquote><p>此处只能在客户端避免多层分页查询，而当有恶意查询时会加大服务器压力。可以使用以下的 Hash Query 避免此类问题，同时也在生产环境禁掉 <code>introspection</code></p></blockquote> <div class="language-gql extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>{
  users (page: 1, pageSize: 3) {
    id
    todos (page: 1, pageSize: 3) {
      id 
      name
    } 
  }
}
</code></pre></div><div class="language-sql extra-class"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> id <span class="token keyword">from</span> users <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">3</span>

<span class="token keyword">select</span> id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name <span class="token keyword">from</span> todo <span class="token keyword">where</span> user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token keyword">select</span> id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name <span class="token keyword">from</span> todo <span class="token keyword">where</span> user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token keyword">select</span> id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name <span class="token keyword">from</span> todo <span class="token keyword">where</span> user_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="使用-dataloader-解决-n-1-查询问题"><a href="#使用-dataloader-解决-n-1-查询问题" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用 DataLoader 解决 N+1 查询问题</h2> <h2 id="使用-id-hash-代替-query"><a href="#使用-id-hash-代替-query" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用 ID/Hash 代替 Query</h2> <p><strong>TODO</strong> <strong>需要客户端配合</strong></p> <p>当 <code>Query</code> 越来越大时，http 所传输的请求体积越来越大，严重影响应用的性能，此时可以把 <code>Query</code> 映射成 <code>hash</code>。</p> <p>当请求体变小时，此时可以替代使用 <code>GET</code> 请求，方便缓存。</p> <p><strong>我发现掘金的 GraphQL Query 已由 ID 替代</strong></p> <h2 id="使用-consul-管理配置"><a href="#使用-consul-管理配置" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用 <code>consul</code> 管理配置</h2> <p><code>project</code> 代表本项目在 <code>consul</code> 中对应的 <code>key</code>。项目将会拉取该 <code>key</code> 对应的配置并与本地的 <code>config/project.ts</code> 做 <code>Object.assign</code> 操作。
<code>dependencies</code> 代表本项目所依赖的配置，如数据库，缓存以及用户服务等的配置，项目将会在 <code>consul</code> 上拉取依赖配置。</p> <p>项目最终生成的配置为 <code>AppConfig</code> 标识。</p> <div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// config/consul.ts</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> project <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'todo'</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> dependencies <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'redis'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'pg'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="用户认证"><a href="#用户认证" class="header-anchor">#</a> 用户认证</h2> <p>使用 <code>@auth</code> 指令表示该资源受限，需要用户登录，<code>roles</code> 表示只有特定角色才能访问受限资源</p> <div class="language-graphql extra-class"><pre class="language-graphql"><code>directive <span class="token directive function">@auth</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
  <span class="token comment"># USER, ADMIN 可以自定义</span>
  <span class="token attr-name">roles</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>String<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">on</span> <span class="token class-name">FIELD_DEFINITION</span>

<span class="token keyword">type</span> <span class="token class-name">Query</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token attr-name">authInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Int <span class="token directive function">@auth</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><p>以下是相关代码</p> <div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// src/directives/auth.ts</span>
<span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">visitFieldDefinition</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">field<span class="token operator">:</span> GraphQLField<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token builtin">any</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> AppContext<span class="token operator">&gt;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> resolve <span class="token operator">=</span> defaultFieldResolver <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> field
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> roles <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>args
  <span class="token comment">// const roles: UserRole[] = ['USER', 'ADMIN']</span>
  field<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">resolve</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">root<span class="token punctuation">,</span> args<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> info</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AuthenticationError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Unauthorized'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>roles <span class="token operator">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>roles<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">includes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>role<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ForbiddenError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Forbidden'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">resolve</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">call</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">,</span> args<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="jwt-与白名单"><a href="#jwt-与白名单" class="header-anchor">#</a> jwt 与白名单</h2> <h2 id="jwt-与-token-更新"><a href="#jwt-与-token-更新" class="header-anchor">#</a> jwt 与 token 更新</h2> <p>当用户认证成功时，检查其 token 有效期，如果剩余一半时间，则生成新的 token 并赋值到响应头中。</p> <h2 id="用户角色验证"><a href="#用户角色验证" class="header-anchor">#</a> 用户角色验证</h2> <h2 id="日志"><a href="#日志" class="header-anchor">#</a> 日志</h2> <p>为 <code>graphql</code>，<code>sql</code>，<code>redis</code> 以及一些重要信息(如 user) 添加日志，并设置标签</p> <div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// lib/logger.ts</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> apiLogger <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">createLogger</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'api'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> dbLogger <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">createLogger</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'db'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> redisLogger <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">createLogger</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'redis'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> logger <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">createLogger</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'common'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="为日志添加-requestid-sessionid"><a href="#为日志添加-requestid-sessionid" class="header-anchor">#</a> 为日志添加 requestId (sessionId)</h2> <p>为日志添加 <code>requestId</code> 方便追踪 bug 以及检测性能问题</p> <div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// lib/logger.ts</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> requestId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">info</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>requestId <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'requestId'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  <span class="token keyword">return</span> info
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="使用-async-await-处理异常"><a href="#使用-async-await-处理异常" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用 Async/Await 处理异常</h2> <h2 id="结构化异常信息"><a href="#结构化异常信息" class="header-anchor">#</a> 结构化异常信息</h2> <p>结构化 API 异常信息，其中 <code>extensions.code</code> 代表异常错误码，方便调试以及前端使用。<code>extensions.exception</code> 代表原始异常，堆栈以及详细信息。注意在生产环境需要屏蔽掉 <code>extensions.exception</code></p> <div class="language-shell extra-class"><pre class="language-shell"><code>$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token string">'https://todo.xiange.tech/graphql'</span> -H <span class="token string">'Content-Type: application/json'</span> --data-binary <span class="token string">'{&quot;query&quot;:&quot;{<span class="token entity" title="\n">\n</span>  dbError<span class="token entity" title="\n">\n</span>}&quot;}'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token string">&quot;errors&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token string">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;column User.a does not exist&quot;</span>,
      <span class="token string">&quot;locations&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
          <span class="token string">&quot;line&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span>,
          <span class="token string">&quot;column&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">]</span>,
      <span class="token string">&quot;path&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
        <span class="token string">&quot;dbError&quot;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">]</span>,
      <span class="token string">&quot;extensions&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token string">&quot;code&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;SequelizeDatabaseError&quot;</span>,
        <span class="token string">&quot;exception&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
          <span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;SequelizeDatabaseError&quot;</span>,
          <span class="token string">&quot;original&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;error&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;length&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token number">104</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;severity&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;ERROR&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;code&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;42703&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;position&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;57&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;file&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;parse_relation.c&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;line&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3293&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;routine&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;errorMissingColumn&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;sql&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;SELECT count(*) AS <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>count<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> FROM <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>users<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> AS <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>User<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> WHERE <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>User<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>.<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>a<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> = 3;&quot;</span>
          <span class="token punctuation">}</span>,
          <span class="token string">&quot;sql&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;SELECT count(*) AS <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>count<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> FROM <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>users<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> AS <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>User<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> WHERE <span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>User<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>.<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span>a<span class="token entity" title="\&quot;">\&quot;</span> = 3;&quot;</span>,
          <span class="token string">&quot;stacktrace&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
            <span class="token string">&quot;SequelizeDatabaseError: column User.a does not exist&quot;</span>,
            <span class="token string">&quot;    at Query.formatError (/code/node_modules/sequelize/lib/dialects/postgres/query.js:354:16)&quot;</span>,
          <span class="token punctuation">]</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">]</span>,
  <span class="token string">&quot;data&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token string">&quot;dbError&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> null
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="在生产环境屏蔽掉异常堆栈"><a href="#在生产环境屏蔽掉异常堆栈" class="header-anchor">#</a> 在生产环境屏蔽掉异常堆栈</h2> <p>避免把原始异常以及堆栈信息暴露在生产环境</p> <div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token string">&quot;errors&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token string">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;column User.a does not exist&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
      <span class="token string">&quot;locations&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
          <span class="token string">&quot;line&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
          <span class="token string">&quot;column&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
      <span class="token string">&quot;path&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
        <span class="token string">&quot;dbError&quot;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
      <span class="token string">&quot;extensions&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token string">&quot;code&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;SequelizeDatabaseError&quot;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token string">&quot;data&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token string">&quot;dbError&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="返回合适的状态码"><a href="#返回合适的状态码" class="header-anchor">#</a> 返回合适的状态码</h2> <h2 id="异常报警"><a href="#异常报警" class="header-anchor">#</a> 异常报警</h2> <p>根据异常的 <code>code</code> 对异常进行严重等级分类，并上报监控系统。这里监控系统采用的 <code>sentry</code></p> <div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// lib/error.ts:formatError</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> code<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> _<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'extensions.code'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'Error'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> info<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">any</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> level <span class="token operator">=</span> Severity<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Error

<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">isAxiosError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  code <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Request</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>code<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">isJoiValidationError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  code <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'JoiValidationError'</span>
  info <span class="token operator">=</span> originalError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>details
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">isSequelizeError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  code <span class="token operator">=</span> originalError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>name
  <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">isUniqueConstraintError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    info <span class="token operator">=</span> originalError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>fields
    level <span class="token operator">=</span> Severity<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Warning
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">isApolloError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  level <span class="token operator">=</span> originalError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>level <span class="token operator">||</span> Severity<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Warning
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">isError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  code <span class="token operator">=</span> _<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'code'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> originalError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  level <span class="token operator">=</span> Severity<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Fatal
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

Sentry<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withScope</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">scope</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  scope<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'code'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> code<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  scope<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setLevel</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>level<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  scope<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setExtras</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>formatError<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  Sentry<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">captureException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>originalError <span class="token operator">||</span> error<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="健康检查"><a href="#健康检查" class="header-anchor">#</a> 健康检查</h2> <p>在 <code>k8s</code> 上根据健康检查监控应用状态，当应用发生异常时可以及时响应并解决</p> <div class="language-shell extra-class"><pre class="language-shell"><code>$ <span class="token function">curl</span> http://todo.xiange.tech/.well-known/apollo/server-health
<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;status&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span><span class="token string">&quot;pass&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="filebeat-elk"><a href="#filebeat-elk" class="header-anchor">#</a> filebeat &amp; ELK</h2> <p>通过 <code>filebeat</code> 把日志文件发送到 <code>elk</code> 日志系统，方便日后分析以及辅助 debug</p> <h2 id="监控"><a href="#监控" class="header-anchor">#</a> 监控</h2> <p>在日志系统中监控 SQL 慢查询以及耗时 API 的日志，并实时邮件通知 (可以考虑钉钉)</p> <h2 id="参数校验"><a href="#参数校验" class="header-anchor">#</a> 参数校验</h2> <p>使用 <a href="https://github.com/hapijs/joi" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Joi<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a> 做参数校验</p> <div class="language-javascript extra-class"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">createUser</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter"><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> email<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> models<span class="token punctuation">,</span> utils <span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  Joi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">assert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>email<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Joi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">email</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">createTodo</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter"><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> todo <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> models<span class="token punctuation">,</span> utils <span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  Joi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">validate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>todo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Joi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">object</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    name<span class="token operator">:</span> Joi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">min</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="服务端渲染"><a href="#服务端渲染" class="header-anchor">#</a> 服务端渲染</h2> <h2 id="npm-scripts"><a href="#npm-scripts" class="header-anchor">#</a> npm scripts</h2> <ul><li><code>npm start</code></li> <li><code>npm test</code></li> <li><code>npm run dev</code></li></ul> <h2 id="使用-ci-加强代码质量"><a href="#使用-ci-加强代码质量" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用 CI 加强代码质量</h2></div> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新:</span> <span class="time">7/20/2020, 2:09:44 AM</span></div></footer> <!----> </main></div><div class="global-ui"></div></div>
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